The genre of performance art, provocative and sometimes divides society: aesthetes admire, and the townsfolk are outraged and demand to punish the author. Take stock Peter Pavlensky for which the artist repeatedly brought to trial. Not only the performances with political overtones, and artistic experiments in the realm of sexuality and physical contact cause a violent reaction. Where is the line between perverted instincts and high art? Try to find the answer in retrospect, the most controversial performances at the century looms.
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Physicality
Cute MUAR: the “Mirror box”
In the summer of 2016 Cute MUAR, was arrested by the London police during a performance of “Mirror box”. The artist who has made this campaign in several cities, appeared in Trafalgar square and invited passersby to touch her genitals, putting his hands in the mirror box, worn like a skirt. Nice announced that its performance is a continuation of the rally, which was held in Cologne after a series of rapes. Through his speech, the girl drew public attention to the problem of mutual consent during sexual intercourse. She prizvali to respect women and to always remember that only they have the right to decide “when and how is anyone to touch them”, and when it is unacceptable.
Valie Export: “Haptic cinema”
Nearly half a century before the Moire young artist Valie Export took to the streets of Vienna in a cardboard box with a curtain covering her bare chest. Was the audience informed that this box is the cinema hall, the girl’s body, and the common view they will replace the touch. Using his own body as the main instrument, Vali has researched the problem of sexual objectification. In this case, she exploited the audience, engaging them in an unusual game. In 1969, the artist spent new performance, appearing at the session in the cinema in trousers with a hole cut out between his legs. She walked between the rows, occasionally turning to the audience. The audience was confused, because with the manifestation of female sexuality in such an extravagant form of many of them faced for the first time.
Boryana Rossa: “Deconstruction tactile cinema”
Boryana Rossa during the campaign “Deconstruction tactile cinema”
Idea Export was continued in the works of actionistic the next era. Boryana Rossa, the Bulgarian artist who beat cancer thanks to the procedure of mastectomy (removal of breast tissue) and created one of the most spectacular performances of physicality. In 2013, Boryana has deconstructed the action of Valie Export. The girl herself put on the box with the curtain and asked everyone to touch her body — only to discover there chest the audience could not.
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Gender
Judy Chicago: “the Trilogy of birth”
the Participants of the performance by Judy Chicago
“Trilogy of birth” (1972) — one of the last performances by Judy Chicago — vaguely resembled a child’s game in a trickle. Some of the girls stood in a dense column and with all the forces “push”, while the other participants of the presentation crawled between her legs, pretending to born children. “Babies” holding hands and singing songs, which became louder and louder, and in the end passed into some frenzied animal scream. Twenty participants of the performance tried to immerse the audience in a condition that a woman experiences in childbirth. Judy often complained that aktivistki almost turning to the topic of motherhood — whether because they lack experience, or because they avoid the problems of gender roles, being in captivity for many a taboo.
Elena Kovylina: a series of performances
Elena Kovylina is waiting for a new opponent during the performance, “Box”
In his submissions, Elena Kovylina has repeatedly covered the topic of gender stereotypes. Performance “Do it yourself” (1999) — illustration of obedience, women dependent on the decisions of men. Wearing a noose around his neck, she stood on a stool and offered the representatives of the stronger sex to take it out. The performance “Boxing” (2005) was devoted to the theme of feminine weakness. Elena came out to the ring and waited for the enemy, and then tried to stay on his feet at least a few rounds. About the emotional instability says “Waltz” (2005), during which the dancing girl was literally unconscious, drinking a glass of vodka after each round to which she invited at first intrigued and then frightened men.
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Relations
Marina Abramovic and olai: a series of performances
Marina Abramovic and Frank Uwe Sasipen (olai)
The story of abramović and Ulay — a vivid example of how relations within the couple becomes part of the performance. Before meeting with German artist Marina Abramovic has tried to explore facets of his own body and mind, but met a loved one, turned to the subject of spiritual merging men and women.
“Relations in space”
Marina and olai perform performance “relation in space”
One of their first joint installations of Marina and Ulay was represented in the Venice Biennale in 1976. Naked artists quickly moved around the hall, faced, and then dispersed again, repeating this for several hours. The actionist tried to combine the power of both sexes to produce a third creature, which they dubbed “ThatSelf” (“the entity”).
“Inhale/exhale”
Performance art Marina Abramovic and Ulay “Breath”
“Breath” show that the couple spent in Amsterdam in 1978. Marina and the Wulai connected their mouths with a special device, and breathe the exhalations of each other until the oxygen ran out. The presentation lasted about 15 minutes, after which they both fell to the floor unconscious. In this view, artists have tried to show that the lovers can support each other’s lives, at the same time its taking.
“rest Energy”
the Artists freely give weight to their bodies during the performance, “Energy of rest”
The performance, which took place in Dublin in 1980, Marina and olai dedicated to the limitless confidence between close friends. They stood opposite each other and didn’t look. Abramovich was holding a combat bow, and olai — stretched the string and the arrow that was aimed at the heart of the partner. Under clothing every were devices that recorded the heartbeat and broadcast the sound throughout the room. It lasted about four minutes, but Marina “they have become eternity.”
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Violence
Rudolf Svartskogen: “3rd action”
Rudolf Svartskogen during the “3rd action”
Almost all of these performances took place in Vienna in the 60s and were associated with the experiments over the body, trying to control the pain and enter a state of meditation. Rudolf Svartskogen belonged to one of the most radical group of Austrian artists, and together they have invented new methods of ritual violence in performance art. In his submissions, he has broken every imaginable taboo, claiming that gives access to the instincts that are suppressed by society of postwar Europe. During the “3rd action” (1965) he wrapped himself with bandages and made the cuts, watching as the blood flows down onto the piece of metal that was lying near his head. Self-torture for Shvarzneger — an opportunity to prove that the power of the human body can only belong to him.
Marina Abramovic: “Rhythm 0”
Marina Abramovic “Rhythm 0”
Marina Abramovic has created a series of performances called “Rhythm”. In 1974, she for six hours was locked in the gallery with the public. Before them was laid out 72 of the subject, some symbolized choice (honey, rose, fur boa), other violence (chain, knife, belt) and the death (gun, bullet). On one wall hung a ad that all items on the table and the body of the artist are in full possession of the public. At first the people were involved in the “game” with caution, but after a couple of hours it was getting really aggressive. Marina clothing was torn, her body pierced with thorns, covered with bruises and cuts, one of the spectators put the head of the artist to the muzzle of the gun, but it failed to stop. Abramovich explained that wanted to show “how quickly the person can return to the wild cave state if he is to let”.
the
experts
the Specifically for Hit.media
Alexander Starusev-Perceive, master of fine arts, lecturer, HSE
“Performance should not be seen as a way to shock the audience, this phenomenon has become a full form of modern art. And it is known to be prone to provocative. If we see society as a mechanism, a performance in it — the force that may lead him into action, to excite, and, most importantly, to restore the desired balance.”
the editor of the “Art” of the website Colta Sergey Guskov
“The emergence and spread of action primarily due to the fact that the art always seeks and finds new, more affordable ways of dialogue with an audience.”
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The photographer uses a custom”cinematic” approach, as if documenting the lives of their heroines and creating each frame of the story. His models don’t look dramatic, they have natural poses, facial expressions, there is no falsehood, static character. Photographer loves to shoot models at inopportune moments: when they’re about to shoot or just goofing around, feeling free. Photos by Denis Saw ambiguous, it is impossible to unravel their meaning the first time, they make us think of what it was before this picture and what comes after, giving rise to new questions.
Denis Peel at the opening of the personal exhibition “freeze-frame. Fashion photography”
Denis Drank during the public current at the Center of photography Lumiere brothers
“What’s the secret of a good frames? We model must feel and understand each other, that is, in the process there is immersion in the story I want to tell, she listens to my idea, watching my thoughts and, of course, can change them, it even gives a certain charm to the pictures. Here are my perfect shooting. Such relations for a photographer is extremely important.”
the
“I never create a clear, detailed scenario, don’t prescribe it, do not give out specific role models, I just got the idea in my head and already the campaign to decide how to implement it, what to change, what to add, it’s a long process of creating history. That is why my photos do not get frozen and static, they are full of life and emotion.”
“In photography I am only interested in cinematic moments, I don’t like the standard, albeit beautiful, posture, do not like static shots, I’m trying to catch something real, alive, the story, behind which lies a question, a riddle which cannot be solved on the first attempt, it is the idea on which you need to break your head.”
“I think that every Creator should fall in love with your model, to find in it something extraordinary and unique, to admire her character, appearance, allow yourself to be enchanted by her. I always do”.
Denis Saws specifically for Hit.Media
“My favorite series of works: a girl in a long evening dress with flounced walks along the shady alleys of the garden, and behind it rushes peacock. He follows on her heels like fell in love with her stately figure, and saw something beautiful. It struck me – this proud bird conceded defeat in the “beauty contest” and admired someone else’s superiority.”
“Who of the Directors inspires me? Of course, it’s Kubrick. I am very flattered when people compare me with him, although I will never compare my work with his films, it is blasphemy. I like his imagination, unpredictability, original plot development, sets, and actors who are so naturally played by mad men, I am struck by a deep psychoanalysis of his paintings”.
“Determines whether a Vogue, that I will remove? No, you saved me the freedom of choice to the idea and concept of operation. The art Director invited me to shoot have specified the clothing, we choose models defined by the location, come to a certain place, and there I create my own script, then removed the story and hand over her journal.”
“Freeze-frame. Fashion photography”
The Muse
Gia Karanja for Vogue
The Central place in the exposition is the photo the bold and unrestrained models, favorite Denis Saw – GE Karanja. This girl is still very young managed to turn the head of many designers and participated in fashion shows a great designer, but left this world too early, the drugs killed her.
“My favorite model was Gia. – admits Denis, I have never met a more straightforward and open person, she was incredibly talented and strong. I’m sorry that Gia had to leave so early, she will forever remain in my heart.”
Pretty baby
Brooke shields for Vogue
The young actress Brooke shields as if playing in an adult woman: dressed in a silk gown and made the front hair, but her poses still reads childlike and easy clumsiness.
The contrast of the two worlds
the Series “Morocco”
In a series of photos from Morocco, Denis Drank “settled” European woman, accustomed to luxury and a carefree life in the poor neighborhoods where she meets street vendors, artisans and Housewives, playing with their children. The main idea of shooting on the poor streets of Morocco that the model and the audience sees “a stark contrast of two worlds.”
Simplicity and serenity
Christy Turlington for “ELLE”
From Morocco we moved to California, where we meet Christy Turlington, supermodel of the 90s. She luxuriates in the sun, sitting on the veranda of a fishermen’s cabin. Posture and gentle face expressed utter serenity. Christy Turlington personifies the sexy simplicity, in which there is nothing coarse, nothing sleazy, it is truly amazing.
Beautiful Swan
Andie MacDowell for “Vanity Fair”
Photography with American actress and model Andie MacDowell is the pride of Dennis Saw. He told us that Andy, when he came to it, was a terribly shy and insecure. The photographer was outraged and decided to turn the ugly duckling into a beautiful Swan right on the record”: put on some music, began to tell funny stories, and soon she felt free. Later, McDowell has admitted that this meeting radically changed her view of themselves.
Mind. The beginning of the path
the First photo shoot uma Thurman
The uma Thurman was only sixteen when she came to the first shot to Denis Saw. Almost teenager, terrified and downtrodden: peers Minds scoffed at it, considering the custom appearance of this deformity. But peel was different, Uma Thurman was fully revealed.
Photographer
Denis Drank is one of the most prominent fashion photographers of the 20th century. In the 80s it was printed in such glossy magazines as “Vogue”, “GQ”, “Vanity Fair”, “ELLE” and “Marie Claire”. Most of these shots are the real icons of fashion photography. The heroines of his pictures were models who became legends of the 1980s: Christy Turlington, Rachel Williams, Lara Nashinski, Eva Wallen, Nancy Donahue, Kelly Lebrock, Joan Severance, Joanna Pakula. The exhibition presents the photo shoot with Andie McDowell, Uma Thurman, Gia Karanja, Brooke shields, Christy Turlington and others.
Where to look?
February 8, Center of photography behalf of the Lumiere brothers took place opening of the personal exhibition of Denis Saw “freeze-frame. Fashion photography”. Presents the work of photographer, which was published in “Vogue”,”Elle”,”New York Times” and “Marie Claire”.
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1. Armed with Criminal and Criminal Procedure codes – help lawyer. Often criminal cases can be quite large( e.g. Swamp thing), in such cases, the defender is not able to track all the nuances. You can gather the necessary information and documents, to seek out new witnesses and other evidence. Strategy protection and processing of evidence for presentation in court should deal with the lawyer himself.
2. Don’t be afraid to give publicity to the violations of the rights of the prisoner. In jail the responsibility of the Federal service of execution of punishments (FSIN) in all regions there are special organs controlled by the office of the Procurator for supervision of observance of laws in correctional institutions. This is the first option where to go. But we cannot hope for an immediate response. In an emergency, when there is a threat to life and health (recent letter Ildar Dadin and subsequent events) not to procrastinate. First, the main aim of a lawyer or defender, who is currently near the scene of the incident (approximate price is 10 thousand rubles). FSIN denies appointment of counsel and a prisoner? It is necessary to attract media attention, contact one of the human rights organizations (“Human rights”, “Rus sitting”, “Committee against torture” and others)
3. Write letters, make passes. Mental condition of a prisoner deteriorates, due to the feeling of loneliness, so moral support from your side will help him cope with the shock. Keep in touch, send a letter by regular mail or through the service, the FSIN – letter. But remember that every text is viewed, so do not mention about the details of the case, and do not ask questions that potentially violate the law. Also give the prisoner what he asks (but there is a list of prohibited items on the website of the FPS of the desired region). There are weight restrictions: transfers (to 20 pounds), parcel (up to two).
4. You can improve his living conditions through the mechanism of registration of humanitarian aid. For example, to make minor repairs to camera, buy a TV, kettle or microwave.
5. Organize an interesting event. The administration of the colony do not rarely allows individuals and volunteer organizations to bring screenings, performances, lectures.
6. Don’t leave it after release. Help the person to adapt to life after the grid, push to seek employment, visit with him entertainment, for example cinemas or galleries. Do not let be closed in itself.
Ildar Dadin sentenced to three years in prison for pickets
In prison inmates are entitled to one gear (20 kilos) and one parcel (up to two kilograms) every two months on a strict regime — one every three months
Formed through the mechanism of registration of humanitarian aid can provide a minimal repair in residential areas
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Number of messengers, which began to appear a little about every six months, is incredibly large. Starting from the known to all Viber,WhatsApp, Messenger, Google Hello … they are endless! But in spite of their diversity, it seems to me that the most practical and easy to use is a telegram. And now I will try to briefly explain why I think so.
Correspondence will not be lost
The main problem of the messenger as WhatsApp – inability to keep the conversation. Update your phone or buy a second gadget? All your life has begun anew.
At Telegram – no. Firstly, it keeps in memory the whole story completely, and secondly it can be used with several devices simultaneously.
Stickers are simply divine!
If, for example, “Vkontakte” asks you to 70 rubles per set was a stupid stickers, and WhatsApp, it seems, does not know what it is, then the telegram you simply run away from the eyes of a huge number! And the great thing is that you can create your own set of stickers anduse them not just for entertainment, but to use them to save time when sending long messages.
Interface
Stylish, concise, intuitive and user-friendly – that’s what you can say about Telegram. Yes, Viber and WhatsApp popular, but that’s because they were the first. Updates to these applications as well come very rarely, which is not the telegram. Starting from the background correspondence, ending fonts and menu design – all this definitely makes Telegram the best.
Security
Most likely, regular users will not be very calm, but its still nice to know that your correspondence is not read by the CIA, FSB, etc. Telegram from the beginning was created as the confidential messenger in the world and so it remains. Durov contest at breaking in correspondence of the two bots Telegram (prize – 300 thousand dollars) left without a winner.
A great variety of different useful bots
Everything from news and ending with culinary bots. Here you can see the daily news, or to ask the bot that you cook, if you have chicken! The only thing you need to know – the name of the bot (and they can be easily found on the Internet).
Millions of different bonuses
The ability to create chat rooms up to 1000 people, the secret chats, chats with self-destructing messages, blacklists, the ability to watch attachments, work with cloud services – this is not the full list of utilities that provide us with the creators of the Telegram Pavel Durov and his brother Nicholas.
Director of the Center for industrial markets and business strategies ISRE Alexey Berezna presented stress scenarios for the Russian energy on 23 November at the round table at HSE (National Research University Higher School of Economics).
“The collapse in oil prices”
This scenario is being realized in the present moment. The reasons for more than triple collapse in oil prices are the development of shale oil production in the United States and the widespread implementation of energy saving technologies in developed and developing countries. How will these events affect the Russian economy? They will cause increase in the budget deficit, accelerate inflation and will lead to the freezing of large projects and reduce the stability of the leading Russian oil companies.
“Gas abundance”
The scenario presupposes a sharp increase in the supply of gas to the world market. It can be caused by the spread of the shale technologies of gas production, increase gas recovery and development of the inexhaustible resources of methane from gas hydrate deposits. (Gas hydrates are fossil crystalline compounds of water and gas located mainly in the permafrost zone). For Russia such a scenario would mean a loss of its position in the European natural gas market, the drop in its exports and in this regard the loss of a significant part of budget revenues.
“Total decarbonisation”
Cost reduction in technologies of wind and solar power production and transition to mass use of vehicles running on alternative fuels may lead to the implementation of this scenario. “Total decarbonisation” will hit Russian oil and gas exports, and will also lead to dependence on imports of equipment for alternative energy production.
“The hydrogen economy”
The development of this scenario is due to the large-scale implementation of technologies for the production of hydrogen from water or biomass on an industrial scale and at a low cost. In this case, Russia also faces a loss of its position in the global oil and gas markets and will be forced to import equipment to produce hydrogen.
These scenarios are not a sentence. What should be done to resist their development and prevent the possible consequences?
Valentin Parmon, scientific Director of the Institute of catalysis SB RAS
All energy crises were caused by political reasons. Unforeseen political factors have also changed the situation in the energy sector. In the next 20 years the dominant role in the energy sector will belong to fossil fuels. At the same time it is necessary to develop renewable energy sources, plant raw material should be one of the main resources.
Igor Lobovsky, President of the nonprofit partnership “global energy”
The fuel sources will lead position till 40-50ies. Today the agiotage around alternative energy sources is caused not by a real mass transition on their use but by the growth from virtually zero level. The share of clean energy at the moment is approximately 6.2%. We need technological breakthroughs to challenge traditional sources of energy.
The round table at HSE was called Revolutionary Technologies of Clean Energy, yet, it was not so much about the energy technologies of the future but about the obstacles to their development and how to overcome these obstacles.
What is «clean» energy?
Clean energy is produced with renewable sources and it does not pollute the environment. Clean, alternative or green energy can be produced using wind, solar, water (hydropower), the forces of tides, waves, evaporation of water (geothermal energy) and biofuels. Today green energy is rapidly gaining popularity. It shows especially a rapid growth in USA, EU, China and Japan. The governments of these countries are against traditional energy sources, because emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases could lead to climate warming. The main method of dealing with global warming at the moment is the development of nuclear and renewable energy.
What hinders the advance of clean energy?
Researchers from HSE point out three main problems. The first and the key one is the high cost of equipment for energy storage. Solar and wind farms will not be able to receive a big share in the electric power balance if the energy output is unsteady and unpredictable. The second problem is the need to create from scratch an extensive network of fueling and charging stations. Also an obstacle is the resistance from traditional energy companies to smart energy technology, when users throughout one day can not only buy energy, but also to sell it to the network using their own mini-power plants. The managing Director of “ASIA RENEWABLES” William Il Yang Byun identified another problem at the roundtable: according to his words, the investment in green energy is small despite its apparent attractiveness. Advisor of the Secretary-General of the United Nations on climate change Rae Kwon Chung noted that the problem of investments in the alternative energy sector must be addressed by attracting both private and by public investment.
Government policy should be carried out consistently, according to experts, it is very important to steer energy sector by methods of tax regulation.
Russian energy sector has a chance to stay afloat with the help of the active implementation of alternative energy sources. Possible options include hot spring geothermal energy and hot dry rock geothermal energy.
Hot spring geothermal energy
This kind of energy is widely used in Iceland: the hot springs produce 25% of all energy in the country. The share of traditional fuels accounts for only 0.5%. The Icelandic winner of the Global Energy award Thorsteinn Ingi Sigfusson said that his country’s experience can be applied also in Russia. For example, on the Kamchatka Peninsula, energy from hot springs can provide all the needs of the region. According to experts, the development of hot spring geothermal energy in Russia will allow in 15-20 years to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels such as petroleum and its derivatives by almost one third.
Hot dry rock geothermal energy
The temperature rises by about 3 degrees every 100 meters down in the Earth’s interior. To get energy from this source it is possible to drill two deep wells, then to pour cold water in one of them and to get steam on the other. This method of obtaining energy is still in the testing stage but there is evidence of positive results.
Roundtable participants:
LEONID GOKHBERG, First Vice-Rector at National Research University Higher School of Economics
IGOR LOBOVSKY, President of the “Global Energy” Non-Profit Partnership
ILYA KUZMINOV, Leading Expert of the HSE ISSEK Foresight Centre
ALEXEY BEREZNOY, Director of the HSE ISSEK Centre for Industrial Market Studies and
WILLIAM IL YOUNG BYUN, Managing Director ASIA RENEWABLES, member of the International “Global Energy” Award Committee (Singapore)
VALENTIN PARMON, Director and Research Advisor at the Institute of Catalysis under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, “Global Energy” 2016 Laureate
KLAUS RIEDLE, Board member of the Association of German Engineers (VDI-GEU), “Global Energy” Laureate 2005 (Germany)
THORSTEINN INGI SIGFUSSON, General Director of the Iceland Innovation Center, “Global Energy” 2007 Laureate (Iceland)
RAE KWON CHUNG, Principal Advisor on Climate Change, Executive Office of the Secretary-General of the United Nations, member of the International “Global Energy” Award Committee, contributor to the award of IPCC Nobel Peace Prize 2007 (South Korea)
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Style grunge quite heterogeneous, there are many variations of it. The general idea of this stylistic direction – resistance fashion. Often a rebellion against fashion creates a new style. Grunge – a good example. The word “grunge” came from the American slang. It means something unpleasant and repulsive.
Aboriginal youth are considered rebels and numerous fans of rock bands, who often copy the behavior and lifestyle of their idols. Followers edakogo marginal chic came from Seattle, where I came from groups such as Nirvana, Alice in Chains, Soundgarden, and not by accident.These groups in their texts talked about the new reality and freedom in all spheres of life, and especially – for self-expression.
Rock band “Nirvana”
Grunge – a flannel plaid shirt, long, carelessly arranged hair, torn pantyhose or mesh, leather and metal ornaments, frayed jeans or shorts, plaid skirts, hats, beanies and heavy, solid shoes. Grunge style intersects with such styles as the “military” and often fans of grunge in the preparation of a camouflage image is used.
The origins of the style is the desire to resist the fashion, but this desire has resulted in yet another direction in clothing. It would not have tried followers marginal style challenge and break the fashion templates, they are trapped, because grunge – is quite different combinations of certain things. Style ceased to be truly marginalized in the early nineties when the American designer Marc Jacobs within the Fashion Week showed her collection, made in grunge style. Then grunge ceased to relate human to a particular social group. On this day, this style is often ill teenagers, lovers of rock music, the participants of some subcultures and even the stars.
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On the Oct 28, 2016 the exhibition “Bulgakov. Two biographies” opened in the exhibition hall called New Manege. There are two anniversaries being celebrated this year: 125 years since the writer’s date of birth , and 50 years – since the very first publication of his most famous novel “The Master and Margarita.”
“Project” Bulgakov. Two biographies ” is a vivid example of coollaboration between the museums. Creating the architecture and design, a crew of “Manege” worked in permanent contact with the curators of the Bulgakov’s House – says Irina Tolpina, managing director Moscow Museum and Exhibition Association Manege. – A visit to the exhibition will be a dive into the world which connects the images of literary works with the reality in which he lived and worked as a writer. ”
Archive documents, provided by Bulgakov’s House.
The exhibition is divided into halves. In the first one, under the glass cases there are archive documents which tell Bulgakov’s biography, present his first fees and difficult way to the reader: in late 1920s his works were banned and named “anti-Soviet”. Bulgakov even counted that among the reviews on his works there had been 300 “hostile and abusive” ones and only three hab been laudatory.
N.Ulyanov’s sketches for Bulgakov’s play called “The Days Of Turbin”.
The second half of the exhibition is devoted to the theater, which played an essential role in Bulgakov’s life. His plays “Days of the Turbin” “Crimson Island,” “Zoyka’s flat” and “Moliere” were put on the main stages of the country – in Chekhov’s Moscow Art Theater, and Bolshoi Theatre. Visitors will be able to be backstage and try to undertand the process of writer’s clash with the Soviet censorship and even contemplate Bulgakov as an actor: in 1935 he played the President of the Court in the movie “The Pickwick Club”, based on the novel written by Charles Dickens.
A part of the exhibition is a replica of Bulgakov’s apartment, reconstructed via his contemporaries’ memoirs, extant outlines and black and white photos. But it was impossible to reconstruct everything accurately. There is a layout drawn on the floor, and words “sofa”, “chair”, “piano” display the furniture which hasn’t been found. In this apartment did Bulgakov work on the novel “The Master and Margarita” till the end of his life. There he created the “Notes of the deceased” and the play “Batum” about Stalin’s youth, with whom the writer even had a phone conversation, having made it clear that Bulgakov’s works would never be printed.
The exhibition will be open until the Jan. 9, 2017, and everyone has a chance to delve into Bulgakov’s work and biography, to assess if the crew of the Exhibition Centre successfully coped with the task by collecting about 700 materials from libraries and private collections, museums and archives in one single exhibition. Apart from the exposure itself, the project organizers have prepared a special program. It will include lectures of specialists in literature and history of theatre, panel discussions, film screenings and tours.
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People start a business, to change the world. As a rule, they have a brilliant idea, a team of associates, some capital action plan, and another set of stereotypes that represents the life of the entrepreneur. After the first collision with the harsh reality of past hopes and illusions is not a trace remains. We have learned what does not expect entrepreneurs opening their own business.
1. Launching the project – almost a quarter of the way
Yuri Lifshitz, co-founder of coworking center “Coverage”
When you start, it seems that the main challenges will be completed with the launch of the project. Hell stop and start will take more or less normal life. But it was not there. “The launch of the project – about a quarter of the way, –says Yury Lifshits, co-founder of coworking center” Coverage”. – We have come to the point where service or product created is the first customers is a complete operating activities. At the start it seemed that the goal is achieved, it is time to give free rein to rest. In fact – this is only the first stage. Now begins the main work: optimization of processes, active advertising, improving the quality of services, the expansion of business scope, scale. “Unjustified expectations due to the fact that start-up businesses often exaggerate the value of the product, underestimating the complexity and the importance of marketing. “Before customers realize the value of your product, they want to use it and talk about it to your friends, take a long time” – warns Purnima Vidzhayashankar, CEO BizeeBee.
2. It turns out that in the world are not enough people
Gabriel Levy, CEO Dnevnik.ru
When you look at the world through the eyes of management, it seems that the interest of vacancies is much less than the decent people. When you become an entrepreneur, the world turns. “Find a responsible, professional employee – a rather trivial task,” – says Gabriel Levy, CEO Dnevnik.ru. In addition, a startup or small company operating in turbulent conditions, to get a good manager is particularly difficult. “Most people want to work for a stable job where the salary is growing, – says Alexander Kim, founder of travel-projects www.sptnik.com and sashatravel.ru. –We do not have a strong culture to take and create something new.”
3. Everything is going according to plan
Max Litmus, the creator of the resource Planeta.ru
Starting a business, an entrepreneur, as a rule, has a plan, which he intends to strictly follow. During the first months, it is clear that it can be hung in a frame on the wall for interior decoration – no other use of it. Reality is too unpredictable – important time to regroup and learn to act according to circumstances. “A series of minor and seemingly inefficient accidents could lead to a global solution that would never have occurred to me without these small but very important nuances, – says Max Litmus, the creator of the resource Planeta.ru . – You just do not think that I’m going to the esoteric. But I am increasingly convinced that there are no coincidences. Now I pay attention to every detail, which is regarded as a portal to a parallel reality, and not as a cog in a careful business process mechanism.”
4. Accounting takes half of life
Vyacheslav Semenchuk, founder My-Apps.com
Few people starting a business to deal with accounting. And few who are preparing to the fact that most of the time will take a nasty little different routine, and not the great achievements. “My Web Studio was the first business – tells Vyacheslav Semenchuk, founder of My-Apps.com. – It is an online business, but very quickly we realized that it was not some mythical way of earnings, and the usual variety of classic business, just with a new class of services. It requires the company, accounting, customer communications, document management and other “joys.” All these processes require a lot of time, and, in fact, the very professional work often took less than half of it.”
5. Buy – it is difficult
When you have no money to start difficult. But when they are, life, in fact, too, “no sugar”. Spend them is not easy. “Purchases were much more complex issue than I imagined – admits Yury Lifshits. – The choice of the contractor by the logo or roller takes a long time. Microphones, pumps for toilets, projector, chairs… The first purchases were frequently passing, had to re-allocate budgets and make a second, more informed choices decisions. The desire to save is often counterproductive.”
6. If the goods are sold, it does not mean that you will get the money
Most do not want to bother with the problems of receivables on the way to great achievements. However, defaults and empty account – this is the reality with which the entrepreneur has to face in the very beginning. Soon after picture of the world is changing: it is clear that all must all, no one no one is paying in time: so life works. “Delays in payments for small businesses are critical because there is no financial cushion, – says Vyacheslav Semenchuk. – Creating a small business, you need to be prepared for the non-payment and deception on the part of customers. It should be mentally prepared not to get their “salary” for the current month, as there is no employer, but only you as an entrepreneur. At the start it is very difficult.”
7. A lot of work – is not a panacea
Co-founder Allan Branch LessAccounting
Startups are cultured work wear. It is believed that to make your company, not ditching when this all his life, is simply impossible. But co-founder LessAccounting Allan Branch once realized that this path leads nowhere. “We have worked with my partner more than eighty hours a week instead of the usual forty – he admits. – When we have brought ourselves to the point of combustion, we realized that the work twice longer means to promote your company to twice as fast. Upon additional forty hours it was always not as productive as the first forty. Now, knowing that in the affairs of the business and work is always endless, at four o’clock in the afternoon we turn off their computers and go home to rest.”
[epapop id=’3958′] My first experience of international internships began in 2014, when I decided to go for six weeks in China. I slightly knew where I was going, what food, how can survive. But that did not stop me!
The project called «Dare to Dream». Interns from twelve countries (Malaysia, USA, Morocco, Poland, the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Australia, Taiwan, Egypt, Turkey, France, Canada) worked with me in the summer school. We teach the children English, and talked about the culture of our country. During the trip we lived in several cities: Beijing, Tianjin, Xi’an, Zhangye. The greater amount of time spent in Tianjin (two weeks living with host families and prepared for the project) and Zhangye (summer school, where we were working, it was there). My observations about China, you will find in this article.
1. Geography
China – the third country in the world in the occupied territory (after Russia and Canada). Shanghai and Beijing – the two most densely populated city in the world. China is very diverse topography. On its territory there are high mountains and plateaus, and valleys, and deserts and vast plains. In general, the nature of beauty just incredible! Recall, or Rainbow Mountain Natural Park Zhangjiajie, which became the prototype of the natural environment in the “Avatar” movie.
Zhangjiajie Park and Rainbow Mountain Photo: http://cheaptrip.livejournal.com/25536901.html
As for the temperature in summer it is very hot (up to 35 degrees), so that all Chinese women are hiding under umbrellas. But winter is quite chilly (average 4 degrees, but in Harbin because of Icy air penetrating from Siberia, the temperature can drop to -18 degrees). However, half of China’s lives without central heating. Just to save energy we have decided that the city south of the Yangtze River will manage without a central heating system. For example, in Beijing or Harbin apartments have the battery, but the people of Shanghai to wear winter garments at home. My friends, the Chinese go in jackets, always spattered with toothpaste, because it is necessary to wash the winter fully dressed.
In China, such a large, only one time zone. Therefore, in China’s western provinces it begins to dawn at 10 am, and in the east – the darkness can occur almost immediately after dinner.
2. Population
Overcrowding – it is true and not a joke. How many people in China! Many – a weak word to describe their number. Everywhere endless queues, whether it is a shop, café, bus stop or the Great Wall of China. Every fifth person in the world – Chinese. Be especially wary in China during the Chinese New Year (February), otherwise you just crush the Chinese crowd that hurry home to celebrate the festival.
The main features of the Chinese:
1) it is impossible to determine their age, they look very young;
2) all firmly believe in the uniqueness of their nation. Firstly, they are one of the most ancient civilizations, and secondly, they are sure that everything has been invented in their country: paper, the compass, gunpowder, printing, watches, silk ice cream. Yes, and just Chinese – a real mystery: for the letter they use the characters for food – sticks, for protection – the Great Wall.
3. Trains
The Chinese love to move around the country en masse, so train them unusual. About speed and comfortable, I will not speak, this is clear. But ordinary trains – is another matter. They are located in a compartment than four shelves as we have, and six! Before we went to Xi’an seventeen hours, but none of the Chinese did not change clothes, besides all lay on their beds under a blanket in a shoe! The light turns off the train at 22:00, at the same time and the toilet stops working. And even if our trains is disabled ambient light, the small still always there, but here everything is turned off!
On the train. Photo: Alain Radina
Also, travelers have the opportunity to buy a sedentary ticket or a ticket without a seat. Some trainees have “lucky” to get to Shanghai with a ticket without a seat. This means that where you “fall”, there is your place. Therefore, these “lucky” to huddle under the shells of fire extinguishers in the aisles on the floor, on other people’s suitcases.
Tip: buy tickets to any destination in advance.
4. Food
The Chinese have a cult food, they never miss a meal – it is holy! Chinese traditional greeting – may sound like – instead of the usual us “how are you doing»: «你 吃饭 了 吗?» ( “No chshifan le ma?”), Which is translated into Russian as “Have you eaten?”. Chinese cuisine is very sharp in most provinces. Be ready!
5. Language
Mandarin Chinese is the official language in the country. In it more than eighty thousand characters. On average, the Chinese, who graduated from university, knows five thousand characters. However, China is inhabited by 55 people, communicating to 206 languages, so the country’s overall writing and pronunciation is different. In this connection, on TV on every channel at the bottom of the screen there is always a running line with the characters.
6. Children
Chinese children are very shy. At the lesson they are difficult to stir up and cause to express their point of view. Even when asked, they will rise from their seats, without raising his head, cast a glance classmates as if asking permission to answer, and then quietly utter what they wanted to say. These are children from thirteen to seventeen. In restless, active kids and students is no longer distributed.
Chinese children. Photo: Alain Radina
My fellow Chinese are saying that the reason for closure of Chinese adolescents is focus on their studies, because the competition in the universities is incredibly high. By the way, this is why we have been working in summer school: parents send their children to school even during the holidays.
7. The poses in the photo
Yes, the Chinese do love cute pictures: take the same posture on the incredible group shots and put fingers.
Two finger peace symbol Photo: http://www.withhusbandintow.com/you-know-youre-in-southeast-asia-when/
8. The Fortune Cookie
Contrary to popular belief it is not a Chinese tradition. These cookies invented in 1920 in San Francisco, one of the working factories for the production of noodles.
9. Ping Pong
Perhaps the most popular Chinese game.
10. Panda
All pandas living in the world, live in China. The only pandas that are beyond the boundaries of China, leased by the Chinese authorities. If in a foreign country they are born cubs, they are also considered to be the property of Beijing.
Global Citizen AIESEC – internship program volunteer. Member lives with an international team and work in a social project, which lasts 6-8 weeks. Would you also dive into the Chinese culture or the culture of any other country? Then join the international team aysekerov.
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The average person wakes about 25 years of his life. This figure is really appalling, not surprisingly, many claim today, that life is too short to waste it on sleep. In place of the usual 6-8-hour night’s sleep come custom cycles, in which the total duration of sleep is reduced, and wakefulness is increased to 20–22 hours. If you’re a workaholic, creative person or you just do not have enough for their cases to 24 hours in a day, it is worth trying to adjust to one of the alternate sleep mode. There is a possibility that it will suit you, as once approached by Leonardo da Vinci, Napoleon, Margaret Thatcher, Winston Churchill and Pёtru I.
Superman cycle (Leonardo da Vinci) Twenty minutes of sleep after waking every four hours.
On this laid sleep cycle six times a day, the total amount per day is two hours. “Superman” mode is considered very effective, since people in such a rhythm feel more healthy, full of strength and energy, a well as see vivid dreams. However, if you miss at least one twenty-minute sleep, then the energy will be replaced by exhaustion and apathy.
Dymaxion Thirty minutes of sleep after every six hours of wakefulness.
This cycle also includes two hours of sleep on the condition that you need to rest four times a day. Bucky Fuller, founder of the regime two years lived by these rules and, as he himself said, had never felt such a surge of strength. After the experiment, the doctor did not find him any diseases and have recognized that such an extreme sleep did not affect his health. I end this practice Fuller at the request of his wife, which did not suit their different modes. And while working to find time to sleep strictly required hours are not so simple.
Average cycle Three hours sleep at night and one hour day (three times for twenty minutes).
According to the mode of “the common man” is important to have a long sleep for up to three hours and three short of twenty minutes. It is important that after a relatively long night’s sleep, a short rest took place at regular intervals. For example, from midnight to three o’clock in the morning you sleep, then alternate the five o’clock wake with a twenty-minute break in a dream. This cycle is considered the most flexible of the alternative, because it is easily customizable for his regime. Pass one of the naps should not affect health.
Siesta Five hours of sleep during the night and 20, 60 or 90 minutes in the afternoon.
This biphasic cycle is the most common modes of polyphase. It is the most practical and easy to learn, the cycle requires 5.3 to 6.5 hours of sleep a day. Many studies have shown that such a dream in many respects better than monophasic as the person has the ability to break twice a day, and so it becomes more alert, productive, less prone to stress and mood swings. “Siesta” mode is recommended for students, especially in preparation for the session.
Salvador Dali Mode
Famous artists managed to sleep a minimum amount of time, as he put himself on the floor near a metal tray, a hand in the hanging bed, pinched a spoon. Thus, as soon as the Salvador Dali fell asleep, the spoon clattered hits the tray, and he would wake up from this. Artist relaxed and rested in this period of time, but at the same time, not scattered, then a new strength to return to work. A similar method was used in ancient times of Alexander the Great, but he was holding a large rock, which thundered about the copper basin and wake the commander.
According to doctors
Before the regime change, listen to the words of Matt Bianchi, director of the sleep disorders clinic at Massachusetts: “Every body is different. One person can come polyphase form of sleep, and the other as a result of such an experiment can fall asleep at the wheel and crashed into a pole. ” In modern science, opinions about alternative sleep cycles diverge: some scientists believe that human health requires one night’s sleep seven to nine hours, while others argue that REM sleep is much more effective because it helps to improve memory and restores the brain. The third group of doctors recommends listen to your body, to monitor the status depending on what time you went to bed and slept a lot. Maybe you can bring your own regime that correlated with your lifestyle.
If you do decide to experiment with the transition to polyphasic sleep cycle, it should be when you have a few free weeks to adapt. Think about how your new schedule will be linked to work or school. And of course do not forget about your loved ones, try to avoid conflicts on this ground, a compromise together.
